Why does a roller coaster need a big first hill?

After the slow climb to the top, the cart has no engine — nothing pushes it. Yet it screams through every loop and hill that follows. So what does that one giant first hill actually give it? Let's lift a cart and let go.

1Two ideas you'll need

Height is stored "go" — and a drop spends it as speed

A coaster cart has no engine after the start. It runs on one thing: go-power. Watch where it comes from and where it goes.

Height = stored go-power

Lift the cart up high and you load it with go-power, just sitting there waiting to be spent. The higher you lift it, the more it holds.

A drop spends it as speed

Roll downhill and the height turns into speed. Climb back up and the speed turns back into height. It's the same go-power, just changing its form.

2Two kinds of next hill

A hill you can afford vs a hill too dear to buy

The cart starts at one height. Whether it clears the next hill comes down to one thing — is that hill lower or higher than where it began?

Shorter hill

A hill you can afford

Lower than where the cart started — so it sails over with go-power to spare.

Taller hill

A hill too dear to buy

Higher than where the cart started — so it runs out of go partway up and rolls back.

3Your turn — build the first hill

Lift the cart and watch go-power swap between speed and height

Drag to set how high the first hill is, then let the cart go. The second hill stays the same. Watch the bar split go-power into speed and height as it rides — it's always the same total.

The cart's go-power right nowfull tank

speedheight

First hill height: tall

LOWTALL

4Now try to beat the budget

Can a fast cart climb a second hill that's taller than the first? 🎢

This time the first hill is locked. You set the second hill instead. At the bottom the cart is flying — so guess first, then let it go and watch.

Guess before you let it go

At the bottom of the drop the cart is flying — way faster than it ever was up top. Use the slider to make the second hill taller than the first, then guess: does all that bottom speed let it climb higher than where it started?